Torque is a means, not the target
The engineering objective is normally clamp force. Tightening torque is an indirect way of creating that preload, and a large share of the applied torque is consumed by thread and bearing-surface friction.
That is why two apparently identical bolts can develop different preload at the same wrench setting.
Lubrication changes the relationship
Lubrication, coatings, surface finish and reused threads can change friction substantially. A torque value intended for a dry fastener should not automatically be used on a lubricated assembly.
A sensible workflow
Identify the fastener specification and joint requirement first. Use a calculator for an estimate, then compare it with manufacturer data or the governing procedure. For critical joints, use the specified tightening method and inspection process.
Use the related tools
Engineering guidance only. For safety-critical work, follow the applicable manufacturer data, drawings, standards and competent professional judgement.